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Understanding the key functions of Myosins in viral infection

Jiayi He1, Yixing Qiu2, Lei Tan1

  • 1Lab of Animal Disease Prevention & Control and Animal Model, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University (HUNAU), Changsha, Hunan 410128 China.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|February 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Myosins, actin-based motor proteins, are crucial in viral infections, impacting various stages and mechanisms. Understanding these roles can lead to new antiviral strategies using agents like myosin inhibitors.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Cell biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Myosins are actin-based motor proteins essential for muscle contraction and cytoskeleton dynamics.
  • Traditionally recognized roles include cargo transport and cell structure maintenance.
  • Emerging evidence highlights myosin involvement in diverse viral infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the roles of myosins in viral infections.
  • To elucidate the functions, mechanisms, and molecular pathways involved.
  • To discuss current challenges and future directions in myosin-related antiviral research.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies on myosins and viral infections.
  • Analysis of reported myosin functions, mechanisms, and pathways.
  • Characterization of technologies and agents for studying myosin involvement.

Main Results:

  • Myosins participate in multiple stages of viral infection, varying by virus and infection phase.
  • Specific myosin classes and their functions in viral entry, replication, and egress are detailed.
  • Molecular pathways and cellular processes influenced by myosins during infection are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Myosins are critical regulators of viral infection processes.
  • Targeting myosins offers potential for novel antiviral therapies.
  • Technologies like siRNA, gene editing, and inhibitors are valuable tools for further investigation.
Keywords:
host factorsinhibitorsmolecular mechanismsmyosinsviral infection

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