Like Cures like: Detoxification Effect between Alkali Metals and Sulfur over the V₂O₅/TiO₂ deNO Catalyst

The V₂O₅/TiO₂ (VTi) catalyst has been widely employed for the NH₃ selective catalytic reduction (NH₃-SCR) reaction, and sulfur (S) and alkali metals (K) were usually considered as poisons during this reaction. In this work, the synergistic effect of S and K over the VTi catalyst for the NH₃-SCR reaction was analyzed and discussed. It is surprisingly observed that the synergistic effects of S and K exhibited a detoxification effect on the NH₃-SCR reaction. That is, although the VTi catalyst exhibited moderate resistance to S poisoning and unsatisfactory resistance to K deactivation, the SCR activity was restored to close to fresh VTi when K and S coexisted. This detoxification effect also could occur between other alkali metals (e.g., Ca and Na) and sulfur. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and charge density difference studies both indicate that the introduction of K could significantly affect the electronic structure of V, but this toxic effect was recovered by the further addition of S because of the strong interaction between S and K. Therefore, this detoxification effect can occur in the practical reaction atmosphere, which alleviates the alkali metal poisoning of commercial catalysts.