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Non-monotonic fluidization generated by fluctuating edge tensions in confluent tissues.

Takaki Yamamoto1,2, Daniel M Sussman3, Tatsuo Shibata1

  • 1Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.

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Fluctuating cell-cell tensions in tissues impact cell rearrangements. Tissue dynamics show complex responses to tension persistence, with optimal rearrangement at intermediate fluctuation persistence times.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cellular mechanics
  • Tissue dynamics

Background:

  • Multicellular systems display spatial and temporal heterogeneity in biochemical and mechanical properties.
  • The impact of spatiotemporally heterogeneous forces on confluent tissue dynamics remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how fluctuating cell-cell interfacial tensions affect the dynamical and mechanical properties of two-dimensional epithelial monolayers.
  • To determine the influence of tension fluctuation amplitude and persistence time on tissue dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-dimensional cellular vertex model.
  • Simulated confluent epithelial monolayers with fluctuating cell-cell interfacial tensions.
  • Analyzed the effects of varying fluctuation amplitude and persistence time on tissue dynamics.

Main Results:

  • The long-time diffusion constant, characterizing cell rearrangements, exhibited a non-monotonic dependence on tension persistence time.
  • The diffusion constant increased monotonically with increasing fluctuation amplitude.
  • At low and intermediate persistence times, tension fluctuations promoted vertex motion and cell rearrangements.

Conclusions:

  • Tension fluctuation dynamics play a crucial role in regulating cell rearrangements within confluent tissues.
  • The persistence time of interfacial tension is a critical factor, with non-monotonic effects on tissue rearrangement dynamics.
  • Understanding these mechanical heterogeneities is key to comprehending tissue development and homeostasis.