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Predictors of Low Birth Weight: A Study in a Health and Demographic Cohort from Assam, India

Reeta Rasaily1, Prakash Chetry2, Kamakhya Borah2

  • 1Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|February 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Low birth weight affects infant health, with 30.34% prevalence in Assam. Key risk factors include tea-garden community living, low maternal education, income, preterm birth, and low maternal BMI.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Neonatal Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) is linked to increased infant morbidity and mortality.
  • High prevalence of anemia and undernutrition in Assam suggests a potential correlation with LBW.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence and identify risk factors for low birth weight in a health and demographic cohort in Dibrugarh district, Assam.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study included 1437 deliveries (rural and tea garden) from March 2019 to February 2020.
  • Statistical analysis identified significant associations between various factors and LBW.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of low birth weight was 30.34%.
  • Significant risk factors included tea-garden community residence [OR: 1.4], low maternal education [OR: 1.57], low monthly income [OR: 2.1], preterm birth [OR: 4.1], and low maternal BMI [OR: 1.6].

Conclusions:

  • Targeted interventions are crucial to reduce LBW rates.
  • Strategies should focus on improving socioeconomic conditions, promoting antenatal care, and addressing maternal undernutrition.

Keywords:
InfantLow birth weightMaternalPrevalenceTea gardenVillage

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