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Related Experiment Videos

Depressed delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity in alcoholic hepatitis.

N Snyder, J Bessoff, J M Dwyer

    The American Journal of Digestive Diseases
    |April 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Severe alcoholic hepatitis significantly impairs skin test responses, indicating a reversible depression in cell-mediated immunity. Recovery improves these delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, suggesting potential for immune function restoration.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hepatology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Alcoholic liver disease encompasses a spectrum from fatty liver to cirrhosis.
    • Cell-mediated immunity, assessed by delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH), is crucial for immune responses.
    • Previous studies suggest immune dysregulation in advanced liver disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate DCH responses in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.
    • To compare DCH responses with patients having less severe alcoholic liver disease and healthy controls.
    • To determine if DCH deficits are reversible upon clinical improvement.

    Main Methods:

    • Skin testing with various antigens (SK-SD, mumps, trichophyton, Candida albicans) was performed.
    • Lymphocyte subsets, including thymus-derived lymphocytes, were quantified.

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  • Responses to mitogens like concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis showed significantly reduced DCH responses to multiple antigens compared to controls.
    • A decrease in thymus-derived lymphocytes was observed in the alcoholic hepatitis group.
    • DCH responses improved significantly in surviving patients after clinical recovery, particularly to SK-SD and Candida albicans.
    • Both severe and less advanced alcoholic liver disease groups exhibited diminished responses to mitogens.

    Conclusions:

    • Severe alcoholic hepatitis is associated with a reversible depression of DCH.
    • Immune function, specifically DCH, can improve with clinical recovery from alcoholic hepatitis.
    • Skin test results in alcoholic hepatitis patients should consider this transient immune suppression.