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Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
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Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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Inter-patient arrhythmia identification method with RR-intervals and convolutional neural networks.

Wenliang Zhu1,2, Gang Ma1,2, Lesong Zheng3

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, People's Republic of China.

Physiological Measurement
|February 25, 2022
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Summary

This study introduces a novel U-net based method for fast arrhythmia identification, effectively using RR-intervals to classify four heartbeat types: non-ectopic, supraventricular ectopic beat, ventricular ectopic beat, and fusion beat.

Keywords:
RR-intervalsarrhythmia identificationauxiliary waveformmasking operation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Background:

  • U-net based methods offer fast arrhythmia identification.
  • RR-intervals improve single-heartbeat identification but are challenging for U-net due to unfixed input.
  • Accurate identification of multiple arrhythmia types is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for arrhythmia identification that effectively utilizes RR-intervals with U-net.
  • To accurately classify four types of heartbeats: non-ectopic (N), supraventricular ectopic beat (SVEB), ventricular ectopic beat (VEB), and fusion beat (F).

Main Methods:

  • A two-stage identification framework incorporating pre-processing with band-pass filtering and RR-interval-based auxiliary waveforms.
  • A U-net based network for initial signal separation using a masking operation.
  • Two subsequent networks for refined classification of N, SVEB, VEB, and F heartbeats.

Main Results:

  • The method achieved high F1 scores on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database (inter-patient model).
  • F1 scores were 98.26% for N, 68.61% for SVEB, 95.99% for VEB, and 47.75% for F.
  • Demonstrated effective utilization of RR-intervals for improved arrhythmia classification.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method successfully integrates RR-intervals into a U-net framework for enhanced arrhythmia identification.
  • The two-stage approach effectively distinguishes between multiple types of arrhythmias.
  • This method holds potential for fast and accurate clinical application in arrhythmia detection.