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Related Concept Videos

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System

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The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
The primary lymphoid organs, including the bone marrow and the thymus, serve as the maturation sites for lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs, like the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, activate these lymphocytes and serve as...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Development of the Lymphatic System01:15

Development of the Lymphatic System

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The development of lymphatic tissues and vessels in embryonic life begins around the fifth week. These structures originate from the mesoderm layer, with lymph sacs emerging from developing veins.
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
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Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:22

Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System

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Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
The immune responses can be categorized into two types: innate and adaptive. Innate immunity comprises nonspecific defenses we are...
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Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

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Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Model to Study the Systemic and Local Dynamics of CD8+ T Cells During LN Metastasis
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Lymphatics in Tumor Progression and Immunomodulation.

Claire Y Li1, Stav Brown1, Babak J Mehrara1

  • 1The Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The lymphatic system

Keywords:
immunomodulationlymphaticsmetastasistumor microenvironmenttumorigenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • The lymphatic system is crucial for fluid balance, lipid absorption, and immune cell transport.
  • Tumor lymphatics have complex roles, potentially promoting or hindering cancer growth and spread.
  • Lymphatic vessels influence immunotherapy effectiveness, highlighting their importance in cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted roles of lymphatic vessels in cancer progression.
  • To understand how lymphatic function impacts the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.
  • To identify novel therapeutic strategies by examining tumor cell-lymphatic interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on lymphatic system function in cancer.
  • Analysis of studies investigating lymphatic remodeling and immune cell trafficking in tumors.
  • Synthesis of findings on lymphatic-dependent immunotherapy outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Lymphatic proliferation can enhance tumor metastasis.
  • Functional lymphatics are essential for effective anti-tumor immune responses.
  • Lymphatic-associated factors significantly modulate immunotherapy efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • The impact of lymphatic vessels on tumors is highly context- and organ-specific.
  • Targeting tumor lymphatics may offer new avenues for cancer therapy.
  • Further research into tumor-lymphatic interactions is needed to develop novel treatments.