MYH10 Governs Adipocyte Function and Adipogenesis through Its Interaction with GLUT4

Adipogenesis is dependent on cytoskeletal remodeling that determines and maintains cellular shape and function. Cytoskeletal proteins contribute to the filament-based network responsible for controlling the shape of adipocytes and promoting the intracellular trafficking of cellular components. Currently, the understanding of these mechanisms and their effect on differentiation and adipocyte function remains incomplete. In this study, we identified the non-muscle myosin 10 (MYH10) as a novel regulator of adipogenesis and adipocyte function through its interaction with the insulin-dependent glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). MYH10 depletion in preadipocytes resulted in impaired adipogenesis, with knockdown cells exhibiting an absence of morphological alteration and molecular signals. MYH10 was shown in a complex with GLUT4 in adipocytes, an interaction regulated by insulin induction. The missing adipogenic capacity of MYH10 knockdown cells was restored when the cells took up GLUT4 vesicles from neighbor wildtype cells in a co-culture system. This signaling cascade is regulated by the protein kinase C ζ (PKCζ), which interacts with MYH10 to modify the localization and interaction of both GLUT4 and MYH10 in adipocytes. Overall, our study establishes MYH10 as an essential regulator of GLUT4 translocation, affecting both adipogenesis and adipocyte function, highlighting its importance in future cytoskeleton-based studies in adipocytes.