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Related Concept Videos

Tissues01:18

Tissues

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Cells with similar structure and function are grouped into tissues. A group of tissues with a specialized function is called an organ. There are four main types of tissue in vertebrates: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
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Production of Tissue Microarrays, Immunohistochemistry Staining and Digitalization Within the Human Protein Atlas
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Single-cell atlases: shared and tissue-specific cell types across human organs.

Rasa Elmentaite1, Cecilia Domínguez Conde1, Lu Yang1

  • 1Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.

Nature Reviews. Genetics
|February 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics advance the Human Cell Atlas initiative, mapping human cells. This review details cross-tissue insights into epithelial, fibroblast, vascular, and immune cells, comparing human data with mouse models.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology
  • Human Anatomy

Background:

  • The Human Cell Atlas initiative aims to create a comprehensive map of all human cells.
  • Advances in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics provide unprecedented resolution for studying human tissues.
  • Current research is revealing commonalities and tissue-specific characteristics of various cell types across organs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key biological insights derived from cross-tissue analyses of human cells.
  • To highlight findings from single-cell gene expression data in human organs.
  • To contrast human cell mechanisms with those observed in mouse models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing single-cell gene expression data from human tissues.
  • Performing cross-tissue comparative analyses.
  • Reviewing and synthesizing existing literature on human and mouse cell biology.

Main Results:

  • Emerging commonalities and tissue-specific features of epithelial, fibroblast, vascular, and immune cells across human organs.
  • Detailed insights into the molecular characteristics of these cell types.
  • Identification of differences and similarities between human and mouse cellular mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Single-cell transcriptomics is revolutionizing our understanding of human cell types and tissue organization.
  • Cross-tissue comparisons reveal fundamental principles of cell biology applicable across the human body.
  • Contrasting human and mouse data provides a deeper understanding of conserved and divergent biological mechanisms.