Could Europe Apply a Suitable Control Method for the Small Hive Beetle (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)?

Area of Science:

• Apiculture
• Pest Management
• Entomology

Background:

• The European bee (Apis mellifera) is vital for crop pollination.
• The small hive beetle (Aethina tumida) is an invasive pest threatening bee colonies globally.
• This pest is a growing concern in Europe, necessitating effective control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review control treatments for the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida).
• To identify treatments effective against A. tumida with minimal negative impact on Apis mellifera colonies.
• To evaluate treatments based on EFSA guidelines.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review based on EFSA guidelines.
• Analysis of studies, primarily from the United States, on A. tumida control.
• Evaluation of treatment efficacy and impact on bee colonies.

Main Results:

• Several treatments are effective against A. tumida.
• Entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema, Heterorhabditis), formic acid, and diatomaceous earth show promising results.
• Some insecticides (e.g., Perizin, GardStar, CheckMite+) are effective, but Fipronil-containing products are banned in Europe. Bleach and detergent also showed efficacy.

Conclusions:

• Effective control of A. tumida is possible using various methods.
• Entomopathogenic nematodes, formic acid, and diatomaceous earth are recommended for integrated pest management.
• Careful selection of treatments is crucial to avoid harming beneficial bee populations.