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Co-infections in COVID-19 patients and correlation with mortality rate. Minireview

Ágnes Fehér1, Zsófia Szarvas1, Andrea Lehoczki2

  • 11 Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.

Physiology International
|February 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Co-infections in COVID-19 patients, particularly bacterial and fungal, worsen outcomes and increase mortality, especially in hospitals. Risk factors include male gender and intensive care. (31 words)

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses significant public health challenges.
  • Co-infections complicate COVID-19 patient management and outcomes.
  • Understanding co-infection patterns is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key community- and hospital-acquired co-infections in COVID-19 patients.
  • To analyze the impact of co-infections on COVID-19 disease severity and outcomes.
  • To determine risk factors predisposing COVID-19 patients to co-infections.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Medline (PubMed) and Google Scholar.
  • Inclusion of articles published between January 1, 2020, and September 31, 2021.
  • Focus on co-infections in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial and fungal co-infections were most frequent, followed by viral co-infections.
  • Co-infections were more prevalent in hospitalized patients compared to community settings.
  • Risk factors included male gender, prolonged hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, steroid/antibiotic use, high C-reactive protein, and lymphopenia.

Conclusions:

  • Co-infections can exacerbate COVID-19 severity, prolong recovery, and increase mortality, particularly in hospital settings.
  • Enhanced hygiene, adherence to protocols, and antimicrobial stewardship are vital.
  • Implementing these measures can reduce co-infection rates and improve patient outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19 diseaseco-infectioncommunity-acquireddeath ratehealthcare-associated

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