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The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on US Emergency Departments

Manuel G Alvarez Romero1, Chandra Penthala1, Scott L Zeller2

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Street, Slot #584, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.

The Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|February 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Behavioral emergencies rose in the US, with mental health symptoms doubling. However, emergency department visits declined during the COVID-19 pandemic due to avoidance of facilities and increased isolation.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Behavioral emergencies in the United States have seen a notable increase.
  • Visits to emergency departments (EDs) decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Pandemic-related uncertainty and isolation impacted healthcare seeking behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in behavioral emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To understand the impact of the pandemic on emergency department utilization for mental health conditions.
  • To investigate the relationship between pandemic-related measures and mental health diagnoses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national emergency department visit data.
  • Comparison of pre-pandemic and pandemic-era behavioral health trends.
  • Correlation of public health measures with mental health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in symptoms related to mental health conditions was observed.
  • Overall emergency department visits decreased, despite the rise in behavioral emergencies.
  • New behavioral health diagnoses increased during the pandemic.
  • Social distancing measures likely exacerbated existing mental health issues.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic presented a complex scenario for behavioral health emergencies.
  • Fear of healthcare facilities and increased isolation contributed to decreased ED visits for some.
  • Pandemic-induced changes exacerbated mental health conditions, leading to increased diagnoses.

Keywords:
Behavioral emergenciesCOVID-19Emergency departmentHospitalizationMental healthPandemic

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