Clinical spectrum of female genital malformations in prenatal diagnosis
Michael R Mallmann1, Ulrich Gembruch2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 34, 50924, Cologne, Germany. michael.mallmann@uk-koeln.de.
Introduction:
Fetal genital malformations represent a rare and heterogeneous group of congenital malformations of the disorders of sexual development (DSD) spectrum.
Methods:
A thorough literature review on the main topics in the prenatal approach towards DSD was conducted.
Results:
First, a thorough overview on prenatal characteristics of the most common fetal genital malformations of ovaries, uterus and external genitalia, and second, a standardized approach for differential diagnosis in the presence of direct and indirect prenatal signs of DSDs.
Conclusions:
This review is mainly directed towards the aspects of female genital malformations with aspects of male DSD explained as well to aid in the prenatal differential diagnosis.
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