The physiology of the nose

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Physiology
• Anatomy

Background:

• The nose is a complex organ with extensive innervation and vasculature.
• It plays a role in various physiological reflexes and autonomic nervous system control.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the intricate innervation and vascular control of the nose.
• To understand the mechanisms behind nasal reflexes and secretions.

Main Methods:

• Review of nasal innervation (parasympathetic, sympathetic, sensory, motor).
• Analysis of nasal vasculature (capacitance vessels, AV anastomoses, etc.).
• Examination of secretory tissues and glands.

Main Results:

• Nasal vasculature and secretion are influenced by both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves.
• Pharmacologic studies indicate separate nerve control over vascular resistance and volume.
• Nasal patency and airflow resistance are modulated by nervous inputs and reflexes.

Conclusions:

• The nose's complex neurovasculature underlies its role in reflexes and autonomic control.
• Nervous system regulation of nasal vasculature and secretion is multifaceted.
• Further research is needed for precise understanding of nerve effects on specific nasal blood vessels.