The Role of Splicing Factor SF3B4 in Congenital Diseases and Tumors

In eukaryotes, spliceosomes catalyze the splicing of pre-mRNA to mature mRNA. As the core subunit of U2 spliceosome, splicing factor SF3b4 plays not only a crucial role in the splicing process, but also a role in transcription, translation, and cell signal transduction, and participates in the regulation of cell cycle, cell differentiation, and immune deficiency. In recent years, more and more research studies on SF3b4-related diseases, such as Nager syndrome and cancer, have been conducted. It has been found that SF3b4 mutations led to abnormal cell growth and were involved in the development and occurrence of these diseases. In this review, the diseases, mainly congenital diseases and tumors, in which SF3B4 is involved and the pathogenesis of them were summarized, aiming to provide a better understanding of the roles of SF3B4 in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in the future.