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Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

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Accessory Genome Dynamics of Local and Global Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Populations

Spencer A Bruce1, Joshua T Smith2,3, Jennifer L Mydosh2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|February 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) poses a threat to dogs. This study reveals MRSP

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a common bacteria in dogs, causing infections and carrying resistance genes.
  • Methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) is an emerging pathogen, posing a significant challenge to canine health.
  • Understanding the genetic diversity and spread of MRSP is crucial for effective treatment and control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phylogenetic relationships of S. pseudintermedius in the New England region and compare them globally.
  • To identify the prevalence of methicillin resistance and associated resistance genes in S. pseudintermedius isolates.
  • To analyze the co-occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes within S. pseudintermedius populations.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing of 45 new S. pseudintermedius isolates, combined with 125 published genomes from New England.
  • Core genome phylogenetic analysis to determine evolutionary relationships and identify multi-locus sequence types (STs).
  • In silico analysis for the detection of the mecA gene and other antibiotic resistance genes, including SCCmec types.

Main Results:

  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed diverse lineages with 142 multi-locus sequence types (STs).
  • 40 MRSP and 130 methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius (MSSP) isolates were identified; MRSP strains harbored five SCCmec types.
  • A significant accessory gene cluster containing mecA and eight other resistance genes was identified; MRSP isolates had more accessory genes than MSSP.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into the evolution and geographic distribution of S. pseudintermedius clones, including MRSP.
  • The absence of the globally prevalent ST71 clone in New England suggests unique evolutionary dynamics in the region.
  • The co-circulation of multiple resistance genes highlights the complex challenge of antimicrobial resistance in canine pathogens.
Keywords:
Staphylococcus pseudintermediuscaninegenomemethicilin resistancemultidrug resisitance

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