A Novel Biopsy Method Based on Bipolar Radiofrequency Biopsy Needles

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Medical Devices
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Tumor biopsies are crucial for cancer diagnosis and treatment planning.
• Bleeding complications and malignant seeding are significant risks associated with traditional tumor biopsies.
• Minimizing these risks is essential for improving patient outcomes in oncology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a novel bipolar radiofrequency (RF) biopsy needle for enhanced hemostasis and reduced tumor cell implantation.
• To assess the efficacy of RF ablation in controlling bleeding during liver and spleen biopsies in a rabbit model.
• To investigate the potential of RF ablation to degenerate tumor cells within the biopsy needle tract.

Main Methods:

• A 16-gauge biopsy needle equipped with insulated electrodes connected to an RF generator was developed.
• Hemorrhage control was evaluated in 50 rabbits undergoing liver and spleen biopsies, comparing RF ablation (at 50°C, 70°C, 90°C) with non-intervention and gelatin sponge embolization.
• Tumor cell seeding risk was assessed using VX2 rabbit tumor models, analyzing cytological smears from the biopsy needle flush fluid.

Main Results:

• RF ablation significantly reduced blood loss in liver and spleen biopsies compared to controls (P < 0.001).
• Macroscopic and histological examination revealed thermal coagulation of tissue surrounding the needle tract after RF ablation.
• Tumor cells in cytological smears showed degeneration after RF ablation at 70°C and 90°C.

Conclusions:

• The bipolar RF biopsy needle is an effective tool for reducing hemorrhage associated with tumor biopsies.
• RF ablation demonstrates potential in preventing malignant cell implantation along the biopsy needle tract.
• This innovative biopsy technique offers a promising approach to improve the safety and efficacy of oncological biopsies.