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Outcomes in Blunt vs Penetrating Pelvic Vascular Injuries

Teresa Evans1, Keren Guiab1, Andrew Roberts1

  • 1John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA.

The American Surgeon
|February 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Blunt pelvic vascular injuries lead to more complications and higher mortality compared to penetrating injuries. Survivors of blunt trauma face a greater likelihood of adverse discharge outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Pelvic vascular injuries are severe trauma with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Differentiating outcomes between blunt and penetrating mechanisms is crucial for targeted treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare patient outcomes between blunt and penetrating vascular injuries of the pelvis.
  • To identify specific risk factors associated with each injury type.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database (2011-2015).
  • Inclusion of adult patients (>18 years) with pelvic arterial or venous injuries.
  • Exclusion of patients with severe head or chest trauma (AIS score >3).

Main Results:

  • Blunt trauma patients were older, more likely to be female, and had higher Injury Severity Scores (ISS).
  • Blunt injuries were associated with increased complications (OR: 1.950), adverse discharge (OR: 2.05), and higher mortality (OR: 4.08).
  • Penetrating trauma showed a trend towards increased complications and mortality on bivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Blunt pelvic vascular injuries are associated with significantly worse outcomes, including more complications and higher mortality.
  • Patients with blunt injuries face a greater risk of adverse discharge following survival.
  • The findings underscore the need for specific management strategies for blunt pelvic vascular trauma.
Abstract

Keywords:
bluntpelvicpenetratingtraumavascular

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