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Updated: Oct 2, 2025
10:03
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
Published on: November 11, 2013
25.6K
Synthesis-structure relationships in Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides: phase evolution, superstructure ordering and
Ashok S Menon1, Said Khalil1, Dickson O Ojwang1
1Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. william.brant@kemi.uu.se.
Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|February 28, 2022
Summary
Synthesis conditions significantly impact the structure of Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides, crucial for Li-ion batteries. Understanding these synthesis-structure relations is key to optimizing battery performance.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Solid-State Chemistry
Background:
- Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides are critical cathode materials for advanced Li-ion batteries.
- Crystallographic defects like cation-mixing and stacking faults complicate their structure-property relationships.
- Variations in reported structures hinder a clear understanding of material behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the synthesis-structure relationships in three key Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides.
- To analyze how precursor mixing and annealing protocols influence crystallographic structure.
- To understand the thermodynamic and kinetic factors governing structural stability.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of average crystal structures across different synthetic routes and annealing conditions.
- Investigation of thermodynamic and kinetic factors influencing equilibrium crystallography.
- Examination of Li2MnO3, Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2, and Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 compositions.
Main Results:
- The studied compounds exhibit thermodynamically metastable structures under synthesis conditions.
- Increased annealing intensity promotes structural transformations towards more stable phases and reduces stacking faults.
- Higher compositional complexity (Ni, Co doping) introduces kinetic barriers, leading to more faulted structures compared to Li2MnO3.
- Co-existing domains with varying degrees of faulting were observed within the materials.
Conclusions:
- Material structure is highly dependent on synthesis parameters, including precursor mixing and annealing protocols.
- Thermodynamic metastability and kinetic factors play crucial roles in the observed structural complexities.
- Insights into synthesis-dependent structural variations are vital for optimizing the electrochemical performance of these battery materials.
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