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Cereal Endosperms: Development and Storage Product Accumulation.

Jinxin Liu1, Ming-Wei Wu1, Chun-Ming Liu1,2,3,4

  • 1Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;

Annual Review of Plant Biology
|February 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cereal endosperm development is crucial for food and feed. Recent molecular studies reveal key genes and epigenetic mechanisms controlling differentiation and storage product accumulation, with future research focusing on early developmental stages.

Keywords:
aleurone and starchy endosperm differentiationgrain fillingimprinted gene expressionprogrammed cell deathstorage product accumulationsugar loading

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • Cereal endosperm is vital for human and animal nutrition.
  • Endosperm development involves nuclear division, cellularization, differentiation, and storage product accumulation.
  • Cellular and molecular processes of endosperm formation are increasingly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline recent advances in cereal endosperm development research.
  • To propose models for differentiation, sugar loading, and storage product accumulation.
  • To identify future research challenges in endosperm biology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cell biological processes in endosperm formation.
  • Analysis of molecular genetic studies on endosperm differentiation.
  • Investigation of epigenetic mechanisms in gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Identification of genes regulating endosperm differentiation.
  • Elucidation of regulatory networks for storage product accumulation.
  • Understanding of epigenetic control over imprinted gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding cereal endosperm development.
  • Hypothetical models illustrate key molecular machineries involved.
  • Further research is needed to decipher early developmental events like nuclear division and cellularization.