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Dissociation and Dissociative Disorders Reconsidered: Beyond Sociocognitive and Trauma Models Toward a
Steven Jay Lynn1, Craig Polizzi1, Harald Merckelbach2
1Psychology Department, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA;
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
|February 28, 2022
Summary
Current models of dissociation are insufficient. A new transdiagnostic framework views dissociation and dissociative disorders as failures of adaptive systems, integrating factors like sleep and self-regulation for better understanding.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Psychiatry
- Neuroscience
Background:
- The posttraumatic model (PTM) and sociocognitive model (SCM) have dominated dissociation research for over 30 years.
- Neither PTM nor SCM fully explains dissociation or dissociative disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a transdiagnostic and transtheoretical perspective on dissociation.
- To integrate various factors contributing to dissociation and dissociative disorders.
Main Methods:
- Review and synthesis of existing literature on dissociation.
- Identification of converging and uncontested claims across different theoretical models.
- Summary of multivariable studies supporting a new framework.
Main Results:
- Dissociation and dissociative disorders are conceptualized as failures of adaptive systems.
- Key contributing variables include sleep disturbances, impaired self-regulation, and deficits in reality testing.
- A comprehensive framework integrating multiple factors is presented.
Conclusions:
- Existing models of dissociation are limited.
- A transdiagnostic approach is necessary for a more complete understanding.
- Future research should focus on interactive variables and adverse events to advance the study of dissociation.
Keywords:
depersonalization/derealization disorderdissociationdissociative disordersdissociative identity disorderposttraumatic model of dissociationsociocognitive model of dissociationMore Related Videos
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