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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
Published on: January 7, 2019
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Oncolytic viruses in melanoma.
Camille Robinson1, Maria M Xu2, Smita K Nair2
1School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
|February 28, 2022
Summary
Malignant melanoma recurrence is diverse, requiring personalized treatment. Oncolytic viruses show promise in stimulating immune responses against tumors and overcoming resistance to therapies like anti-PD-1 treatments.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Virology
Background:
- Malignant melanoma recurrence presents heterogeneously, from local disease to distant metastases.
- Diverse presentations necessitate personalized management strategies, including local and systemic therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the scientific rationale, current applications, and future potential of oncolytic viruses in melanoma treatment.
- To investigate the hypothesis that oncolytic viruses can convert "cold" tumors to "hot" tumor microenvironments, enhancing anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on oncolytic viruses for melanoma.
- Analysis of current clinical landscape and ongoing investigations.
- Discussion of preclinical and clinical trial data.
Main Results:
- Oncolytic viruses can induce local immune stimulation and enhance antitumor immune responses.
- Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) is an FDA-approved oncolytic virus for melanoma.
- Numerous other oncolytic viruses are under investigation.
Conclusions:
- Oncolytic viruses represent a promising therapeutic strategy for melanoma.
- They have the potential to overcome resistance to existing therapies like anti-PD-1 inhibitors.
- Further research and clinical trials are essential to fully realize their potential in melanoma management.
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