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Using Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation to Ensure Competence in Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound.

Niels Jacobsen1, Jonas D Larsen2, Casper Falster3

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Odense Respiratory Research Unit (ODIN), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Demark; Regional Center for Technical Simulation (TechSim), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

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Summary

A new immersive virtual reality (IVR) simulator effectively assesses core competencies in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). This simulation tool ensures proficiency before patient procedures, addressing limitations of traditional training methods.

Keywords:
Contrast-enhanced ultrasoundImmersive virtual realityMedical educationSimulation-based medical educationUltrasound contrast agentValidity evidence

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Simulation
  • Diagnostic Imaging Technology
  • Virtual Reality Applications

Background:

  • Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is vital in diagnostics and procedural guidance across medical specialties.
  • Current CEUS training relies on supervised clinical practice, facing challenges with patient availability and inherent risks.
  • A need exists for a reliable simulation tool to ensure competence prior to patient exposure, as no CEUS simulator is currently available.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an immersive virtual reality (IVR) simulation-based test for core contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) competencies.
  • To gather validity evidence for the developed IVR test, adhering to Messick's framework.
  • To establish a reliable assessment tool for CEUS proficiency before clinical application.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an IVR simulation by software specialists and CEUS clinical experts, mimicking a CEUS examination for focal liver lesions.
  • Recruitment of 25 medical doctors with varied CEUS experience as test participants.
  • Analysis of test quality, internal reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.85), and discriminatory abilities using participant data.

Main Results:

  • The developed IVR simulation-based test demonstrated good internal reliability and discriminatory power.
  • The test successfully imitated a CEUS examination, focusing on pre-contrast preparations.
  • Acceptable risks of false positives (9.1%) and false negatives (23.6%) were identified for its use as a certification tool.

Conclusions:

  • The IVR simulation-based test is a promising tool for assessing core CEUS competencies.
  • The test provides a valid and reliable method for ensuring proficiency before supervised clinical training.
  • This simulation approach can enhance CEUS training, mitigating risks associated with traditional methods.