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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis

Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis

Published on: December 16, 2016

Inhalable microplastics prevails in air: Exploring the size detection limit.

Yichun Xie¹, Yan Li¹, Yan Feng¹

¹School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China.

Environment International

|March 1, 2022

Summary

Airborne microplastics (MPs) are widespread, with higher concentrations found indoors. A new Raman microscopy method accurately detects MPs down to 1 micrometer, improving exposure assessment.

Keywords:

Airborne microplastics Inhalation MP(10)Raman

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Last Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis

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Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris

Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris

Published on: July 28, 2018

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Analytical Chemistry
Atmospheric Science

Background:

Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive environmental pollutants, including in the atmosphere.
Current detection limits hinder accurate assessment of human inhalation exposure and understanding of airborne MP behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a comprehensive method for qualitative and quantitative characterization of airborne MPs.
To assess indoor and outdoor airborne MP pollution features in Shanghai, China.

Main Methods:

Utilized Raman microscopy for detailed characterization of suspended atmospheric MPs down to 1 micrometer.
Conducted a case study analyzing indoor and outdoor air samples from eight sampling sites.
Ensured accurate MP counting irrespective of transparency.

Main Results:

Inhalable MPs were prevalent in all samples, with significantly higher concentrations indoors.
Indoor MP composition varied greatly compared to outdoor samples.
Polyethylene (77% transparent films), Polyester, Phenolic Resin, and Polyvinyl chloride were the primary MPs detected.
Ventilation was crucial in reducing indoor MP levels, with well-ventilated spaces showing outdoor-like MP distribution.

Conclusions:

Confirmed the widespread presence of inhalable MPs in both indoor and outdoor air.
The developed methodology provides a robust foundation for future research on realistic MP inhalation exposure.
Findings highlight the importance of ventilation in mitigating indoor microplastic pollution.