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Updated: Oct 2, 2025

Evaluating Regional Pulmonary Deposition using Patient-Specific 3D Printed Lung Models
Published on: November 11, 2020
Estimated cost-savings from optimizing use of inhaled medications for inpatients with obstructive lung disease
Ryuhei Kondo1, Jennifer Austin2, Mary Akel3
1Integral Corporation and The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, Chicago, IL, USA.
Conclusions:
Models representing transitions from all-nebulized to nebulizer-plus-MDI respiratory medications resulted in cost savings, largely from the reduction of labor cost of nebulizer administration with nebs-only treatment. Therefore, transitioning from nebs to MDIs can lead to cost savings and could allow greater opportunities for inhaler education.
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