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Left-Right ambiguity resolution for coprime sparse arrays.

Baiju M Nair1, Rubin Jose Peter2, Arun Kumar1

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Coprime Sparse Arrays (CSA) can now resolve Left-Right (LR) ambiguity using the new Left-Right resolved Coprime Sparse Arrays (LRCSA). This novel approach enhances spatial resolution and signal detection in array processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Signal Processing
  • Array Signal Processing
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Coprime Sparse Arrays (CSA) offer efficient direction of arrival estimation with fewer sensors.
  • Traditional CSAs suffer from Left-Right (LR) ambiguity due to array symmetry.
  • Resolving LR ambiguity is crucial for accurate source localization in array systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address and resolve the Left-Right (LR) ambiguity inherent in Coprime Sparse Arrays (CSA).
  • To introduce and evaluate the performance of Left-Right resolved Coprime Sparse Arrays (LRCSA).
  • To compare LRCSA with existing methods like Null Constrained Beamformer (NCB) and two-dimensional Direct Beamformer (2DDB).

Main Methods:

  • Design of Left-Right resolved Coprime Sparse Arrays (LRCSA) with electronically steerable nulls.
  • Analytical derivation of detection gain bounds for LRCSA under correlated noise.
  • Comparative analysis of LRCSA, NCB, and 2DDB using twin array processing.
  • Validation using sea experiment data from a towed array.

Main Results:

  • LRCSA effectively resolves Left-Right (LR) ambiguity.
  • LRCSA twin arrays demonstrate superior spatial resolution compared to conventional arrays.
  • The LRCSA method achieves a higher rejection ratio (RR) and narrower mainlobe beamwidth.
  • Analytical bounds confirm detection gain under autoregressive correlated noise.

Conclusions:

  • LRCSA provides a robust solution for LR ambiguity in sparse array processing.
  • The proposed LRCSA method offers significant improvements in spatial resolution and signal discrimination.
  • Experimental results validate the effectiveness of CSA-based cardioid processing for ambiguity resolution and enhanced performance.