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Infrasound signals in simulated nontornadic and pre-tornadic supercells
Brice E Coffer1, Matthew D Parker1
1Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|March 2, 2022
Summary
Infrasound signals from supercells are similar for both tornadic and nontornadic storms. Current infrasound technology does not offer improved tornado warning lead times.
Area of Science:
- Atmospheric science
- Meteorology
- Acoustics
Background:
- Severe weather detection can be enhanced by infrasound networks, potentially detecting tornado signatures.
- Understanding if infrasound signals from supercells are unique to tornadic storms is crucial for improving tornado warnings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if infrasound signals from supercells are distinct before tornado formation.
- To assess the potential of infrasound networks for improving tornado warning lead times.
Main Methods:
- Simulations of supercells were used to model acoustic waves from 0.1 to 2 Hz.
- Spectral analysis was performed on simulated sound pressure levels.
- Sensitivity tests with varying microphysics schemes were conducted.
Main Results:
- Both nontornadic and pre-tornadic supercells produced similar infrasound levels at the surface.
- Riming of supercooled water droplets was identified as the primary source of high-frequency pressure waves.
- No clear evidence was found that infrasound signals prior to tornado formation are distinct enough to improve warning lead times.
Conclusions:
- Infrasound signals from supercells do not appear to be unique to tornadic storms prior to formation.
- Current infrasound technology is unlikely to enhance tornado warning lead times based on these findings.
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