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Overview of preparedness and response to COVID-19 in Ghana

Badu Sarkodie1, Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe2, Dennis O Laryea1

  • 1Ghana Health Service - Public Health Division, P. M. B. Ministries, Accra, Ghana.

Ghana Medical Journal
|March 2, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Ghana implemented a multi-sectoral strategy to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on surveillance, containment, and healthcare capacity. By December 2020, the nation confirmed over 535,000 cases and 335 deaths, demonstrating a 0.61% case fatality rate.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Ghana began in March 2020, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
  • The pandemic led to Ghana declaring a Public Health Emergency of National Concern, initiating comprehensive response measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline Ghana's strategic approaches and preparedness plans for managing the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To detail the health sector's focus on testing, treatment, and tracking.
  • To summarize the epidemiological situation and response outcomes as of December 31, 2020.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of national, regional, district, and community-level preparedness and response plans.
  • Activation of enhanced surveillance, case detection, case management, and contact tracing.
  • Strategic interventions included border closures, flight suspensions, and bans on social gatherings.

Main Results:

  • As of December 31, 2020, Ghana recorded 535,168 cases and 335 deaths (CFR: 0.61%).
  • The Greater Accra region reported the highest number of cases among all affected regions.
  • Response efforts demonstrated high-level political commitment and balanced public health with socio-economic considerations.

Conclusions:

  • Ghana's response involved timely decisions and a blend of public health interventions with socio-economic and cultural dynamics.
  • Ongoing efforts focus on intensifying non-pharmaceutical interventions and introducing COVID-19 vaccines.
  • The aim is to sustain progress and reduce the overall public health burden of COVID-19 in Ghana.

Keywords:
COVID-19GhanaResponsepandemicpreparedness

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