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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

686
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

15.4K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Design of Polymeric Zwitterionic Solid Electrolytes with Superionic Lithium Transport.

Seamus D Jones1,2,3, Howie Nguyen4, Peter M Richardson2,3

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93110-5080, United States.

ACS Central Science
|March 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Zwitterionic solid polymeric electrolytes (SPEs) enable faster ion transport by self-assembling into conductive domains. This breakthrough enhances lithium-ion battery performance and safety by overcoming limitations of traditional SPEs.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Instabilities at electrolyte-electrode interfaces and safety concerns with lithium metal anodes hinder durable, energy-dense lithium-ion battery development.
  • Solid polymeric electrolytes (SPEs) offer a potential solution but suffer from limited ionic conductivity due to sluggish polymer dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome the conductivity limitations in SPEs by designing novel zwitterionic SPEs.
  • To enable simultaneous optimization of conductivity, lithium-ion selectivity, mechanical properties, and processability in SPEs.

Main Methods:

  • Development of zwitterionic solid polymeric electrolytes (SPEs) that self-assemble into superionically conductive domains.
  • Investigation of semicrystalline polymer electrolytes with labile ion-ion interactions and tailored ion sizes.
  • Characterization of ionic conductivity and lithium-ion transference number (t+).

Main Results:

  • Zwitterionic SPEs demonstrate self-assembly into superionically conductive domains, decoupling ion motion from polymer dynamics.
  • Semicrystalline polymer electrolytes exhibit excellent lithium conductivity (1.6 mS/cm) and selectivity (t+ ≈ 0.6-0.8).
  • The new design paradigm successfully optimizes previously orthogonal properties: conductivity, Li selectivity, mechanics, and processability.

Conclusions:

  • Zwitterionic SPEs represent a novel design strategy for advanced solid-state electrolytes.
  • This approach effectively addresses key challenges in lithium-ion battery technology, paving the way for safer and more efficient energy storage.