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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...

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Stimuli-responsive cyclodextrin-based supramolecular assemblies as drug carriers.

Ying Yuan1, Tianqi Nie2, Yifen Fang3

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China. wujun29@mail.sysu.edu.cn.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|March 2, 2022
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Summary

Stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies using cyclodextrins (CDs) enable controlled biomedical applications. This review details advances in CD host-guest chemistry integrated with various stimuli for drug delivery and beyond.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Cyclodextrins (CDs) possess unique structures valuable for diverse biomedical applications.
  • Integrating host-guest chemistry with stimuli-responsive functions allows for spatiotemporal control in these applications.
  • Supramolecular assemblies offer advanced platforms for targeted therapeutic delivery and diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies based on cyclodextrin host-guest chemistry.
  • To explore the mechanisms and design principles of these assemblies in response to various stimuli.
  • To highlight their applications in drug delivery and discuss future clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on cyclodextrin-based supramolecular assemblies.
  • Analysis of endogenous stimuli (pH, redox, enzymes) and exogenous stimuli (light, temperature, magnetic field).
  • Discussion of design strategies for stimuli-responsive systems and their biomedical applications.

Main Results:

  • CD-based supramolecular assemblies demonstrate significant potential for controlled drug delivery.
  • Integration with stimuli allows for precise spatiotemporal release of therapeutic agents.
  • Diverse applications beyond drug delivery are emerging, leveraging CD host-guest interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Stimuli-responsive cyclodextrin supramolecular assemblies are a promising area for advanced biomedical applications.
  • Further research and development are needed to overcome limitations and facilitate clinical translation.
  • These systems offer tunable properties for sophisticated therapeutic strategies.