His Bundle pacing for congenital complete AV block: An attempt to fix a broken heart?
Giuseppe Pio Piemontese1, Matteo Ziacchi1, Giovanni Statuto1
1Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Insights
Congenital complete atrioventricular block (CCAVB) often requires pacemakers. His bundle pacing (HBP) in CCAVB patients improved exercise tolerance and cardiac function by restoring normal heart activation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Electrophysiology
- Pediatric Cardiology
Background:
- Congenital complete atrioventricular block (CCAVB) necessitates pacemaker implantation for most affected individuals.
- Chronic right ventricular (RV) pacing in CCAVB can lead to adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.
- Restoring atrioventricular (AV) and interventricular synchrony is crucial for optimal outcomes.
Observation:
- Two patients with CCAVB underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy using His bundle pacing (HBP).
- HBP utilizes the His-Purkinje system to mimic physiological conduction.
- This approach aims to prevent dyssynchrony associated with conventional pacing.
Findings:
- Patients demonstrated improved exercise tolerance post-HBP.
- Echocardiographic assessments revealed improvements in left ventricular function.
- These improvements suggest a reversal of pacing-induced left ventricular dysfunction.
Implications:
- His bundle pacing (HBP) offers a potential alternative to conventional RV pacing in CCAVB.
- Restoring physiological activation via the His-Purkinje network may mitigate long-term cardiac complications.
- HBP could be a valuable strategy for cardiac resynchronization in congenital heart disease.
Abstract:
Congenital complete atrioventricular block (CCAVB) is usually due to failure of atrioventricular nodal conduction with preservation of the His-Purkinje system. Most patients with CCAVB ultimately require pacemaker therapy to restore physiologic heart rates, dealing with the detrimental effects of chronic right ventricular (RV) pacing on cardiac structure and function. The ideal stimulation pattern aims to mimic the normal conduction to restore electromechanical coupling, preventing the harmful effects of lack of atrioventricular and inter-intraventricular synchrony. This can be done through conduction system pacing. Using His bundle pacing (HBP) for cardiac resynchronization therapy in two complete congenital atrioventricular block patients, we have reported better exercise tolerance and echocardiographic improvements related to reversible left ventricular dysfunction that can be corrected by restoration of the normal activation pathway via the His-Purkinje network.
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