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Organ function biomarker abnormalities, associated factors and disease outcome among hospitalized patients with
Shambel Araya1, Yakob G Tsegay2,3, Assegdew Atlaw4
1Addis Ababa University College of Health Science, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Insights
This study found that abnormal organ function tests and biomarkers were common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia. Disease severity and comorbidities significantly impacted mortality, with elevated liver enzymes seen in critical cases.
Area of Science:
- Internal Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- COVID-19 significantly impacts multiple organ systems, leading to abnormal laboratory findings.
- Understanding organ dysfunction is crucial for managing hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- Ethiopian data on COVID-19-related organ dysfunction and outcomes are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify abnormal organ function tests and biomarkers in Ethiopian COVID-19 patients.
- To investigate the association between organ failure markers, disease severity, and mortality.
- To identify predictors of adverse outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 cases.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study design.
- Inclusion of 440 hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- Data collection from December 2020 to June 2021 at Millennium COVID-19 Treatment Center.
Main Results:
- Elevated aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase were prevalent, particularly in critical patients.
- Disease severity (AOR: 4.4) and presence of comorbidities (AOR: 0.80) were significantly associated with mortality.
- Median age of participants was 60.3 years, with 71.3% being male.
Conclusions:
- Abnormal organ function tests are frequent in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia.
- Disease severity and comorbidities are key determinants of mortality.
- Liver enzyme elevations highlight the systemic impact of severe COVID-19.
Abstract:
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of abnormal organ function tests and biomarkers in hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 and to define the association among markers of organ failure, disease severity and its outcome in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among COVID-19 patients admitted to Millennium COVID-19 Treatment Center from December 2020 to June 2021. Results: The median age of the 440 study participants was 60.3 ± 1.3 years, and from these 71.3% of patients were male. Disease severity: p-value: 0.032; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) (95% CI): 4.4 (0.022-0.085); and the presence of any co-morbidity; p-value: 0.012; AOR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.47-0.83) was significantly associated with mortality. Aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase parameter values of patients overall, were elevated - mainly among critical patients (56.9 ± 57.7, 58.5 ± 63 and 114.6 ± 60, respectively).
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