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Bacteriocyte development is sexually differentiated in Bemesia tabaci.

Na-Na Li1, Shan Jiang1, Kun-Yu Lu1

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Summary

In whiteflies, bacteriocyte development differs between sexes. Female bacteriocytes proliferate, while male bacteriocytes undergo cell death, regulated by the Adf-1 transcription factor.

Keywords:
bacteriocytecell deathdevelopmentevolutionsymbiosistranscription factorwhitefly

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Area of Science:

  • Insect biology
  • Cellular and molecular mechanisms
  • Symbiosis

Background:

  • Specialized host cells, bacteriocytes, harbor symbiotic microbes.
  • The development and regulation of bacteriocytes remain poorly understood.
  • Understanding bacteriocyte development is crucial for insect-microbe interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of bacteriocyte development in Bemisia tabaci.
  • To elucidate the role of insect sex in bacteriocyte differentiation.
  • To identify key factors regulating bacteriocyte proliferation and degeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell transcriptomics
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Gene silencing (Adf-1)
  • Analysis of cell division, autophagy, and apoptosis

Main Results:

  • Bacteriocytes proliferate in adult females and degenerate in adult males.
  • Cell division occurs in female bacteriocytes; autophagy and apoptosis are induced in male bacteriocytes.
  • The transcription factor Adf-1 is differentially expressed between sexes and regulates bacteriocyte number and survival.

Conclusions:

  • Insect sex significantly impacts bacteriocyte development through differential cell division and death.
  • Adf-1 plays a critical role in regulating bacteriocyte dynamics and sexual differentiation.
  • This study reveals novel insights into the cellular and molecular remodeling underlying sex-specific bacteriocyte development.