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Ranking of potential hazards from microplastics polymers in the marine environment

Zhihao Yuan1, Rajat Nag1, Enda Cummins1

  • 1UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|March 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This study developed a risk model for marine microplastics (MPs), identifying polymers like PUR and PVC as high concern. The model highlights monomer toxicity and particle size as key factors for MP health risks.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Toxicology
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in marine environments.
  • The toxicity of MPs varies based on polymer type, monomer composition, and particle size.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing marine ecosystem and human health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a semi-quantitative risk assessment model for ranking microplastic polymers based on marine exposure.
  • To identify specific MP polymers posing potential health concerns.
  • To inform regulatory strategies for microplastic pollution management.

Main Methods:

  • A screening strategy was employed, categorizing three probability and two impact factors.
  • A semi-quantitative model was developed to calculate risk scores for different MP polymers.
  • Sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the influence of various risk factors.

Main Results:

  • The model ranked Polyurethane (PUR), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as top concern polymers.
  • Hazard score from monomer classification and particle size distribution significantly influenced risk scores.
  • Annual global waste generation and marine degradation status also impacted the overall risk assessment.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model provides a framework for prioritizing microplastic polymers of concern in marine environments.
  • Findings can guide policymakers and scientists in developing targeted management and regulation strategies.
  • Further research into polymer-specific degradation and monomer toxicity is warranted.
Keywords:
Marine pollutionMicroplasticsPolymer and monomerRisk rankingToxicity

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