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Functional comparison of pacifiers using finite element analysis.

David A Tesini1, Linda C Hu2, Brent H Usui2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland St., Boston, MA, 02111, USA.

BMC Oral Health
|March 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pacifier design and size significantly impact how they interact with a baby's palate. Finite element analysis shows fit affects contact forces and support, crucial for understanding maxillary growth.

Keywords:
Finite element analysisMalocclusionNon-nutritive suckingPacifierPalatePosterior crossbite

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Craniofacial Development
  • Pediatric Dentistry

Background:

  • Pacifier use can influence maxillary growth due to forces exerted on the palate.
  • Understanding pacifier-palate mechanical interactions is essential for assessing potential effects on oral development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the mechanical behavior of pacifiers with varying designs and sizes (fit) on age-specific palatal models.
  • To evaluate contact area and force during non-nutritive sucking, considering tongue function and intraoral pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Nonlinear finite element analyses simulated dynamic interactions between pacifiers and palatal models.
  • Time-varying pressure loads represented intraoral pressure and peristaltic tongue movements.
  • A hyperelastic material model represented the silicone pacifier bulb.

Main Results:

  • Finite element analysis quantified pacifier-induced deformation, stress, strain, contact area, and force.
  • Pacifier fit (design and size) demonstrably altered spatial distribution of contact area and force.
  • Palatal interaction profiles revealed how fit impacts support on the palatal vault and Tektal wall.

Conclusions:

  • Pacifier fit, irrespective of type (conventional or orthodontic), influences palatal interaction mechanics.
  • Finite element analysis is a valuable tool for assessing pacifier design effects on functional mechanics.
  • Findings provide guidance for biometric pacifier sizing to optimize palatal support.