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Microbiology and the Microbiome in Bronchiectasis.

Micheál Mac Aogáin1, Sanjay H Chotirmall2

  • 1Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Clinical Biochemistry Unit, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.

Clinics in Chest Medicine
|March 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Culture-based methods limit understanding of the bronchiectasis microbiome. Advanced sequencing techniques offer a more comprehensive view, improving patient stratification and prognosis for this airway disease.

Keywords:
BacteriomeBronchiectasisIntegrative microbiomicsMycobiomeVirome

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Area of Science:

  • * Respiratory Medicine
  • * Microbiology
  • * Genomics

Background:

  • * Bronchiectasis microbiology has traditionally relied on culture-based methods, focusing on specific pathogens.
  • * Culture techniques overlook the complex interactions within the airway microbiome and their role in disease phenotypes.
  • * This approach fails to capture the full microbial community structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To highlight the limitations of culture-based methods in characterizing the bronchiectasis microbiome.
  • * To emphasize the potential of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for a deeper understanding.
  • * To explore how advanced sequencing can improve patient stratification and prognostic accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of current literature on bronchiectasis microbiology.
  • * Discussion of the limitations of traditional culture-based techniques.
  • * Exploration of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and their analytical applications.

Main Results:

  • * Culture-based analysis provides an incomplete picture of the airway microbiome in bronchiectasis.
  • * Microbial interactions, crucial for disease phenotypes like frequent exacerbations, are missed by culture methods.
  • * NGS technologies offer a more holistic and detailed view of the microbiome.

Conclusions:

  • * Next-generation sequencing significantly enhances our understanding of bronchiectasis microbiology.
  • * Advanced sequencing enables better patient stratification based on microbiome profiles.
  • * This improved understanding holds prognostic significance for managing bronchiectasis.