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Factors Affecting Human Damage in Heavy Rains and Typhoon Disasters
Hisaki Naito1, Daisuke Sueta2, Satoko Hanatani1,3
1Disaster Medical Education and Research Center, Kumamoto University Hospital.
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine
|March 3, 2022
Summary
Japan
Area of Science:
- Disaster risk reduction
- Environmental science
- Public health
Background:
- Floods from heavy rains and typhoons are recurring annual disasters in Japan.
- These events cause significant fatalities and infrastructure damage.
- Aging populations increase vulnerability to these natural hazards.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze fatalities and damage from heavy rains and typhoons in Japan (2016-2020).
- To identify characteristics of flood damage and high-risk groups.
- To inform disaster risk reduction strategies.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of fatalities and house collapses.
- Analysis of data from seven heavy rain events and 16 typhoons.
- Examination of victim locations using hazard and inundation maps.
Main Results:
- 578 fatalities and 13,195 collapsed houses recorded between 2016-2020.
- Over 73% of fatalities were individuals older than 60.
- Floods and landslides caused the majority of deaths, with typhoons causing wind-related fatalities.
Conclusions:
- Flood damage in Japan is escalating due to increasing hazard intensity and an aging society.
- Older adults are particularly vulnerable, necessitating targeted safety and evacuation plans.
- Utilizing hazard maps for disaster education and elderly evacuation planning is crucial for enhancing resilience.
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