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In Vivo Microwave Ablation of Normal Swine Lung at High-power, Short-duration Settings
Toshihiro Iguchi1, Takao Hiraki1, Yusuke Matsui1
1Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Abstract:
To evaluate the volume and heat-sink effects of microwave ablation (MWA) in the ablation zone of the normal swine lung. MWA at 100 W was performed for 1, 2, and 3 min in 7, 5, and 5 lung zones, respectively. We assessed the histopathology in the ablation zones and other outcome measures: namely, length of the longest long and short axes, sphericity, ellipsoid area, and ellipsoid volume. The mean long- and short-axis diameters were 22.0 and 14.1 mm in the 1-min ablation zone, 27.6 and 20.2 mm in the 2-min ablation zone; and 29.2 and 21.2 mm in the 3-min ablation zone, respectively. All measures, except sphericity, were significantly less with 1-min ablation than with either 2- or 3-min ablation. There were no significant differences between the 2- and 3-min ablation zones, but all measures except sphericity were larger with 3-min ablation. Although there were no blood vessels that resulted in a heat-sink effect within the ablation zones, the presence of bronchi nearby in 5 lung ablation zones resulted in reduced ablation size. In high-power, short-duration MWA, the lung ablation volume was affected by ablation time. Some ablations showed that a heat-sink effect by a neighboring bronchus might occur.
Insights
Microwave ablation (MWA) time significantly impacts swine lung ablation volume. Shorter ablation times resulted in smaller volumes, and nearby bronchi may reduce MWA effectiveness due to a heat-sink effect.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Interventional Radiology
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Microwave ablation (MWA) is an emerging technique for treating lung lesions.
- Understanding MWA's effects on normal lung tissue is crucial for optimizing treatment parameters.
- Potential heat-sink effects in the lung parenchyma require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the volume and heat-sink effects of MWA in normal swine lung.
- To determine the impact of varying ablation times on MWA zone dimensions.
- To assess the influence of nearby structures on MWA zone size.
Main Methods:
- MWA was performed at 100 W for 1, 2, and 3 minutes in swine lung.
- Histopathology and dimensional measurements (axes, sphericity, area, volume) of ablation zones were assessed.
- The potential for heat-sink effects from blood vessels and bronchi was examined.
Main Results:
- Ablation time significantly influenced ablation zone volume and dimensions, with longer times yielding larger zones.
- No significant differences were observed between 2- and 3-minute ablations, though 3-minute ablations were larger.
- Nearby bronchi, not blood vessels, were found to potentially reduce ablation size, suggesting a localized heat-sink effect.
Conclusions:
- Ablation time is a critical factor influencing lung ablation volume in high-power, short-duration MWA.
- The presence of bronchi near the ablation site may mitigate MWA effectiveness.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate heat-sink effects in MWA of lung tissue.
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