Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
Published on: August 26, 2025
[Mediastinal pseudotumor-necrotizing and sclerosing mediastinitis with pseudomembranes]
Josefine Rawitzer1, Linda Langehegermann2, Clemens Aigner2
1Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.
Abstract:
Mediastinal tumors present a rather rare phenomenon with a variety of underlying causes. Important differential diagnoses include benign and malignant tumors as well as idiopathic sclerosing mediastinitis and parasitic infection.Here, we present the case of a mediastinal pseudotumor with compression of the superior vena cava in a young adult male who spent several years abroad in Brazil. Clinicians suspected either a mediastinal lymphoma, malignant mesenchymal tumor, teratoma, sarcoidosis, or tuberculosis. Biopsy tissue failed to provide a definite diagnosis. The subsequently resected mediastinal mass showed a necrotizing, granulomatous inflammation with prominent eosinophilia and sclerosis. Membranous structures were detected in the necrotic areas, which presented as collagen bundles ultrastructurally. Therefore, these membranes were proven to be constituents of lipid pseudomembranes. Consequently the lesion shows characteristics of sclerosing mediastinitis next to characteristics of adipose tissue necrosis with lipid pseudomembranes. Parasitic infection could not be proven.
Related Concept Videos
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction
Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Clinical Manifestations:
Pericarditis III: Medical Management
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests
Pericarditis I: Introduction

