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The relationship of endothelial function and arterial stiffness with subclinical target organ damage in essential

Yancui Sun1, Fei Liu1, Ying Zhang1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.

Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)
|March 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Essential hypertension patients with high brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and low brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) face increased subclinical target organ damage (STOD) risk, particularly those under 65.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Hypertension Research
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Essential hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Subclinical target organ damage (STOD) precedes overt cardiovascular events.
  • Arterial stiffness (baPWV) and endothelial dysfunction (FMD) are key vascular parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) with STOD in hypertensive patients.
  • To examine the combined effect and interaction of baPWV and FMD on STOD risk.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 4618 essential hypertension patients.
  • Measurements included baPWV (arterial stiffness) and FMD (endothelial function).
  • STOD indicators: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).

Main Results:

  • Higher baPWV and lower FMD were independently associated with increased STOD risk.
  • Significant associations were more pronounced in patients younger than 65.
  • Interaction analysis revealed a progressively higher STOD risk with increasing baPWV across FMD quartiles.

Conclusions:

  • BaPWV and FMD are significant independent predictors of STOD in essential hypertension.
  • The combination of elevated baPWV and reduced FMD identifies high-risk patients.
  • Risk stratification for STOD can be improved by considering both baPWV and FMD, especially in younger hypertensive individuals.

Keywords:
arterial stiffnessbrachial artery flow-mediated dilationbrachial-ankle pulse wave velocityendothelial functionsubclinical target organ damage

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