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Incidence of Enteric Fever in a Pediatric Cohort in North India: Comparison with Estimates from 20 Years Earlier

Bireshwar Sinha1, Temsunaro Rongsen-Chandola1, Nidhi Goyal1

  • 1Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|March 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Despite a reduction, enteric fever remains a significant concern in Delhi. This study found a substantial incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers in children, highlighting the need for continued public health interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Previous studies indicated a high burden of typhoid in Delhi in 1995-1996.
  • Enteric fever continues to pose a significant public health challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the current incidence of culture-confirmed enteric fever in children aged 6 months to 15 years in Delhi.
  • To determine age-specific incidence rates for typhoid and paratyphoid fevers.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 6000 children (6 months to <14 years) in South Delhi was followed for 24 months.
  • Blood cultures were performed for children with fever lasting ≥3 consecutive days.
  • Enteric fever incidence was calculated per 100,000 person-years.

Main Results:

  • A total of 81 enteric fever episodes were confirmed.
  • The overall incidence of enteric fever was 703.7 per 100,000 person-years.
  • Typhoid incidence was 608.1 and paratyphoid incidence was 111.7 per 100,000 person-years, highest in children aged 10-15 years.

Conclusions:

  • A 35% reduction in enteric fever incidence was observed compared to a 1995-1996 cohort.
  • Substantial burden of enteric fever persists, necessitating improved water, sanitation, and hygiene.
  • Novel vaccination strategies and enhanced disease surveillance are crucial for enteric fever elimination.
Abstract

Keywords:
BurdenChildrenCohortEnteric feverNorth IndiaTyphoid

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