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Anatomical variations of the biceps brachii insertion: a proposal for a new classification
B Szewczyk1, F Paulsen2,3, R F LaPrade4
1Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
Folia Morphologica
|March 3, 2022
Summary
The biceps brachii tendon shows significant morphological variation, with a new classification identifying three types of distal attachment. Type III tendon is linked to a higher likelihood of lacertus fibrosus deficiency.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Morphology
- Surgical Anatomy
Background:
- The biceps brachii (BB) muscle has a complex insertion with a main tendon and the lacertus fibrosus (LF).
- Understanding the morphological diversity of the BB insertion is crucial for surgical procedures in the arm.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and classify the morphological variations of the distal biceps brachii tendon insertion.
- To establish a new classification system for BB tendon attachments.
Main Methods:
- Examination of 80 upper limbs (40 left, 40 right) preserved in formalin.
- Analysis of the biceps brachii tendon and lacertus fibrosus morphology.
Main Results:
- Three types of BB tendon insertion were identified: Type I (single tendon, 78.75%), Type II (double tendon, 13.75%), and Type III (three tendons, 7.5%).
- Lacertus fibrosus was absent in 10% of specimens, with a higher incidence in Type III BB tendon insertions (p = 0.0001).
Conclusions:
- The biceps brachii tendon exhibits considerable morphological variability.
- A new classification system for BB distal attachment includes Type I, II, and III.
- Type III BB tendon morphology is associated with an increased predisposition to lacertus fibrosus deficiency.
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