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Sonographic evaluation of the rejecting ureter.

H Hricak, A S Mark, C E Alpers

Urologic Radiology

|January 1, 1986

Summary

Acute kidney rejection in dogs significantly alters ureteral function and ultrasound imaging. Findings show decreased ureteral muscle activity and peristalsis, leading to hydronephrosis, indicating rejection progression.

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Urology
Veterinary Medicine
Medical Imaging

Background:

Acute kidney rejection is a critical complication following transplantation.
Understanding the dynamic changes during rejection is crucial for timely intervention.
Sonography and electromyography offer potential non-invasive methods for monitoring kidney allograft status.

Purpose of the Study:

To correlate sonographic findings of the pelvocaliceal system and ureteral peristalsis with electromyographic (EMG) and histologic data during acute kidney rejection in dogs.
To evaluate the utility of real-time ultrasound in assessing ureteral dynamics during rejection.
To identify specific sonographic markers indicative of acute kidney rejection.

Main Methods:

10 mongrel dogs underwent induced acute kidney rejection.
Sonography was used to assess the pelvocaliceal system and ureteral peristalsis.
Electromyography (EMG) recorded ureteral muscle electrical activity.
Histologic examination provided tissue-level correlation.

Main Results:

Significant alterations in ureteral dynamics were observed during rejection.
Decreased ureteral muscle electrical activity (EMG) and reduced peristalsis were noted.
Real-time ultrasound demonstrated pelvocaliectasis and peripelvic/periureteral thickening.
Sonographic findings correlated with histologic evidence of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, and muscular layer disruption.

Conclusions:

Sonographic findings of hydronephrosis and thickened pelvic wall are valuable indicators of acute kidney rejection.
Ultrasound can effectively demonstrate ureteral dysfunction during rejection.
These sonographic changes, alongside EMG and histologic data, provide a comprehensive measure of the rejection process.

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