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An empirical evaluation of Lex/Yacc and ANTLR parser generation tools.

Francisco Ortin1,2, Jose Quiroga1, Oscar Rodriguez-Prieto1

  • 1University of Oviedo, Computer Science Department, Oviedo, Spain.

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Summary

This study empirically compares parser generator tools Lex/Yacc and ANTLR. ANTLR demonstrated significant advantages in implementor productivity and tool usability for software engineering students.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Software Engineering
  • Programming Language Theory

Background:

  • Parsers are fundamental in software development for tasks like compiler construction and natural language processing.
  • Lex/Yacc and ANTLR are prominent parser generator tools, with Lex/Yacc often favored in academic settings despite ANTLR's advanced features.
  • Existing comparisons are qualitative; empirical data on implementor productivity and tool usability is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically evaluate and compare the performance of Lex/Yacc and ANTLR.
  • To assess empirical features including language implementor productivity, tool simplicity, intuitiveness, and maintainability.
  • To provide data-driven insights for selecting parser generator tools in academic and practical contexts.

Main Methods:

  • An experiment was conducted with undergraduate Software Engineering students.
  • Students were randomly assigned to implement the same language using either Lex/Yacc or ANTLR.
  • Statistical analysis was performed on various performance measures to compare the two tools.

Main Results:

  • ANTLR showed statistically significant improvements across most measured empirical features compared to Lex/Yacc.
  • The study identified key differences in implementor productivity and perceived tool quality.
  • Findings suggest ANTLR offers a more advantageous development experience in the evaluated aspects.

Conclusions:

  • ANTLR presents significant empirical advantages over Lex/Yacc in terms of productivity and usability for parser generation.
  • The findings challenge the traditional preference for Lex/Yacc in some academic curricula.
  • This study provides valuable empirical evidence for tool selection in software engineering education and practice.