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Updated: Oct 1, 2025
08:29
The Olfactory System as a Model to Study Axonal Growth Patterns and Morphology In Vivo
Published on: October 30, 2014
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Olfactory nerve: from ugly duckling to swan
Sofia Mermelstein1, Victor Evangelista Rodrigues Pereira2, Paulo de Lima Serrano3
1Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Departamento de Neurologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria
|March 3, 2022
Summary
The olfactory nerve, often overlooked in neurological exams, is crucial for diagnosing diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of assessing olfaction, emphasizing its diagnostic value.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- The olfactory nerve (CN I) is frequently neglected during routine neurological examinations.
- Recent increases in anosmia linked to COVID-19 have refocused attention on the olfactory system's diagnostic significance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To underscore the importance and simplicity of olfactory system examination.
- To provide practical techniques and clinical insights for assessing olfaction.
- To offer guidance on localization and differential diagnosis for olfactory dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar.
- Searched for articles and books covering olfactory nerve anatomy, physiology, and pathology.
- No specific inclusion or exclusion criteria were applied to the search.
Main Results:
- A total of 40 works were identified through the literature search.
- 20 selected works were chosen for detailed analysis based on relevance.
- The review synthesized information on olfactory nerve examination techniques and diagnostic considerations.
Conclusions:
- The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical need to integrate olfactory assessment into routine clinical practice.
- Olfaction's role in diagnosing various conditions necessitates its renewed focus in medicine.
- Neglecting the olfactory nerve in clinical settings is no longer justifiable.
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