Functional Performance and the Allen Cognitive Level Screen for Adults With Mental Illness: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Occupational therapy
• Mental health research
• Cognitive assessment

Background:

• The Allen Cognitive Level Screen (ACLS) has been utilized in mental health for over 40 years.
• A comprehensive review of ACLS literature in mental health practice is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and evaluate existing research on the ACLS and its relationship with functional performance in adults with mental illness.
• To compare and summarize findings across studies investigating ACLS scores and adaptive functioning.

Main Methods:

• A five-stage scoping review methodology was employed.
• Searches were conducted across major databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ProQuest, OTseeker) without date limitations.
• Data from 15 peer-reviewed English-language studies were charted, collated, and summarized.

Main Results:

• A consistent positive relationship was observed between ACLS scores and in-the-moment performance.
• The association between ACLS scores and community living performance was less consistent.
• Assessment methods, task complexity, and timing influenced the observed relationships with cognitive function.

Conclusions:

• The findings prompt critical questions regarding the application of the ACLS by occupational therapists.
• Further investigation is required to identify factors of functional cognition that predict successful community living.
• This review offers the first synthesis of literature on ACLS scores and functional performance in adults with mental illness.