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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Digital PCR for Quantifying Circulating MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiovascular Disease
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Systematic review: Association between circulating microRNA expression & stroke.

Josie L Fullerton1, Josephine M Thomas2,3, Laura Gonzalez-Trueba1

  • 1Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Science, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
|March 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review identifies specific microRNAs (miRNAs) linked to stroke. miR-126 and miR-146a show potential as diagnostic biomarkers for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke types.

Keywords:
BiomarkershaemorrhagicischaemicmicroRNAsstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Biomarkers
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with regulatory roles.
  • Dysregulation of miRNA expression is implicated in various diseases, including stroke.
  • Identifying reliable miRNA biomarkers is crucial for stroke diagnosis and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and assess the evidence for microRNAs in stroke diagnosis and prognosis.
  • To identify specific microRNAs consistently associated with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.
  • To evaluate the quality of clinical and preclinical data supporting miRNA biomarkers for stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of electronic databases (1993-October 2021).
  • Inclusion criteria focused on studies reporting microRNA changes in stroke.
  • Data extraction prioritized microRNAs altered in more than two independent studies to ensure reliability.

Main Results:

  • 155 studies reported microRNA expression changes in more than two independent studies.
  • Ischemic stroke: miR-29b and miR-146a (clinical); miR-137, miR-146a, miR-181b, miR-223-3p (preclinical).
  • Hemorrhagic stroke: miR-26a, miR-126, miR-146a, miR-155 (clinical & preclinical).
  • miR-126 and miR-146a were consistently altered in both clinical and preclinical cohorts for both stroke types.

Conclusions:

  • miR-126 and miR-146a demonstrate potential as circulating biomarkers for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
  • Further research with larger populations and standardized methodologies is needed to validate their clinical utility.
  • Consistent findings across studies strengthen the evidence for these specific miRNAs as stroke biomarkers.