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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra

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Magnetic Resonance Neurography Reveals Smoking-Associated Decrease in Sciatic Nerve Structural Integrity in Type 2

Johann M E Jende¹, Christoph Mooshage¹, Zoltan Kender²

¹Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Frontiers in Neuroscience

|March 4, 2022

Summary

Smoking significantly damages sciatic nerve integrity in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, worsening diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). Quitting smoking may help slow DPN progression by reducing nerve damage and glycemic stress.

Keywords:

diabetic polyneuropathy diffusion tensor imaging magnetic resonance neurography (MRN)smoking type 2 diabetes

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Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry

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Published on: May 5, 2022

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Diabetology
Radiology

Background:

Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
The role of smoking in DPN development and progression remains debated.
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) offers objective assessment of nerve integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of cigarette smoking on sciatic nerve structural integrity in individuals with T2D.
To correlate nerve integrity markers with clinical, electrophysiological, and serological data.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional study of T2D patients (smokers, never-smokers, ex-smokers) and healthy controls.
Utilized 3 Tesla diffusion tensor imaging MRN with semi-automated nerve fiber tracking.
Analyzed sciatic nerve fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity.

Main Results:

Smokers with T2D exhibited significantly lower sciatic nerve FA compared to controls and never-smokers.
Increased radial diffusivity, indicative of myelin damage, was observed in smokers.
FA correlated negatively with DPN markers, arterial stiffness, and long-term glycemic stress.

Conclusions:

Smoking contributes to sciatic nerve damage in T2D, exacerbating DPN.
Glycemic stress and microangiopathy play roles in smoking-related nerve damage.
Smoking cessation is a potential strategy to mitigate DPN progression in T2D.