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Extracting protein from microalgae (Tetraselmis chuii) for proteome analysis.

Liliana Anjos1, João Estêvão1, Carlos Infante2

  • 1Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.

Methodsx
|March 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an efficient, scalable, and inexpensive 5-step protocol for extracting high-quality proteins from microalgae (Tetraselmis chuii) biomass for proteome analysis. The method yields high-quality aqueous protein extracts suitable for proteomics applications.

Keywords:
MicroalgaeProtein extractionProteomeProteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Marine Biology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Microalgae are a sustainable source of protein (40-70% dry weight) and bioactive molecules.
  • Characterizing microalgal protein composition is challenging due to strain variability, cell wall rigidity, polysaccharides, and pH sensitivity.
  • Efficient protein extraction is crucial for unlocking the potential of microalgae in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize an inexpensive, efficient, and scalable method for microalgae protein extraction for proteome analysis.
  • To investigate the impact of different solvents and disruption techniques on protein solubility and yield.
  • To produce high-quality, hydro-soluble protein extracts with low interfering compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated solvent types (organic, denaturing, non-denaturing) and three customized microalgae disruption methods.
  • Optimized protein extraction using bead milling coupled with centrifugation for hydro-soluble protein recovery.
  • Developed a 5-step protocol for microalgae protein extraction, focusing on simplicity and scalability.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a protein yield of approximately 13% for hydro-soluble proteins.
  • The developed method yields high-quality protein extracts with minimal interfering compounds.
  • The protocol is inexpensive, efficient, scalable, and uses environmentally friendly chemicals.

Conclusions:

  • The optimized protein extraction method is suitable for proteome analysis of microalgae biomass (Tetraselmis chuii).
  • The protocol is cost-effective, scalable for industrial applications, and compatible with other uses.
  • Proposed methods for stabilizing protein solubility and fractionating low molecular weight proteins add value to the end product.