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Review of Clostridium difficile-associated diseases
American Journal of Infection Control
|June 1, 1986
Summary
Clostridium difficile is a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections, particularly linked to antibiotic use. Prevention strategies and understanding transmission are crucial for controlling C. difficile disease outbreaks.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Hospital Epidemiology
Background:
- Clostridium difficile is an emerging nosocomial pathogen.
- It is a leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the isolation, clinical disease spectrum, virulence factors, treatments, and prevention of Clostridium difficile infections.
- To discuss risk factors and hospital outbreaks associated with C. difficile.
Main Methods:
- Literature review summarizing current knowledge on Clostridium difficile.
- Analysis of data related to C. difficile epidemiology and risk factors.
Main Results:
- Antibiotic use (ampicillin, cephalosporins, clindamycin) is the primary risk factor.
- C. difficile is associated with pseudomembranous colitis, antibiotic-associated colitis, and diarrhea.
- Hospital outbreaks are linked to fomite contamination and healthcare worker hand carriage.
Conclusions:
- Clostridium difficile poses a significant threat in healthcare settings.
- Understanding risk factors and transmission routes is vital for effective prevention and control of C. difficile infections.